Evaluation of the Indispensable Amino Acids (IAA) Intake among German Athletes

Helen Bauhaus; Judith von Andrian-Werburg; Mario Thevis; Hans Braun

Evaluation of the Indispensable Amino Acids (IAA) Intake among German Athletes

Helen Bauhaus, Judith von Andrian-Werburg, Mario Thevis, Hans Braun

Publikation: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift › Konferenz-Abstract in Fachzeitschrift › Forschung › Begutachtung

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of the evaluation is the examination of the indispensable amino acid (IAA) intake among German athletes using a 7-day food record.
Methods
Dietary data of 756 German athletes (15.9±3.0 yrs) was evaluated, using a 7-day food record. Based on the German food database (BLS II.3) using EBISpro Software, the IAA intake was examined in relation to body weight (BW) and compared to the recommendations for the intake of single IAAs of the WHO (2007).
Results
Total protein intake among all athletes is 1.5±0.5 g / kg BW whereby a number of 231 (31%) meet an inadequate sport specific protein intake under 1.2 g / kg BW. Intake of total IAAs (respectively recommendation) in g / kg BW is 0.63±0.22 (0.184) whilst average intake (recommendation) of the single IAAs is for Ile 0.07±0.02 (0.02), Leu 0.11±0.04 (0.039), Lys 0.09±0.04 (0.03), Met 0.03±0.01 (0.0104), Cys 0.02±0.01 (0.0041), Phe+Tyr 0.12±0.04 (0.025), Thr 0.06±0.02 (0.015), Trp 0.02±0.01 (0.004), Val 0.08±0.03 (0.026) and His 0.04±0.01 (0.01). Based on the estimated requirements of the WHO for a daily adequate intake of IAA, a total of 5 athletes (4 females, 1 male) do not reach the recommendations. In all 5 athletes, the intake of lysine is insufficient. Only 1 of these 5 athletes does not meet the recommended intake value for all IAAs except Cys.
Conclusion
The recommendations of the WHO are based on the requirements for the general population covering the requirement of a daily protein intake of 0.8 g / kg BW. Athletes may have a greater requirement of IAAs due to an increased oxidation of amino acids during exercise. Therefore, the number of athletes not reaching their individual IAA requirement might be greater than assumed. According to the current examination regarding the WHO recommendation, only 0.7% do not meet adequate intake values. However, special considerations should be taken towards the intake of lysine as a limiting amino acid particularly in many grain products and leucine as a trigger for the muscle protein synthesis especially after exercise.

Originalsprache	Englisch
Zeitschrift	Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin
Jahrgang	69
Ausgabenummer	2, Suppl.
Seiten (von - bis)	S5
Seitenumfang	1
ISSN	0344-5925
Publikationsstatus	Veröffentlicht - 24.02.2018

Zitation

@article{fbce7061b6b04f0f8b5fe4faed608230,

title = "Evaluation of the Indispensable Amino Acids (IAA) Intake among German Athletes",

abstract = "Protein products claim to help meeting the daily protein intake recommendations and sport specific requirements, however the bio availability and the respective amino acid profile need to be considered. An analyzation of 10 different protein products for sports was conducted to compare values for the digestible indispensable amino acid scores (DIAAS) and the leucine content according to the intake recommendations by the manufacturer. The amino acid profile of 10 commercially sold protein products (n=5 plant-based, n=5 dairy-based) were analyzed using the DIAAS. The DIAAS is the recommended method for dietary protein quality assessment on true ileal digestibility values of indispensable amino acids rather than a single faecal crude protein digestibility value. If the lowest DIAAS of an IAA in a product is > 100, it indicates a high quality protein regarding the indispensable amino acid profile and digestibility. DIAAS % = 100 x [(mg of digestible dietary indispensable amino acid in 1 g of the dietary protein) / (mg of the same dietary indispensable amino acid in 1g of the reference protein)] 10 (11%) of the indispensable amino acid data in all 10 products (90 IAA data = 10 products x 9 IAA) showed a DIAAS <100 and 2 (2%) had a DIAAS <75. 90% of an insufficient amount of IAA were found in vegan proteins. Considering the respective recommended intake of each product, the mean leucine content was 2,86g/ serving. The dairy-based protein products had an average leucine content of 3,10g/ serving (range: 2,80-3,57) and the vegan protein products had a mean leucine content of 2,62g/ serving (range:1,90-3,30). 60% of the products (n=3 vegan, n=3 dairy-based) did not meet the recommended 3g leucine/ serving when ingested according to the manufacturer{\textquoteright}s recommendations. Vegan sport proteins, also multi compound products, show a lower quality in the amino acid composition than dairy-based products. When protein products are taken to replace meals or without combination with other foods a DIAAS > 100 for all IAA is recommended. Higher amounts of vegan protein have to be ingested to meet the FAO recommendations. Regarding optimal muscle protein synthesis a leucine content of 3g/ serving is recommended and not met by the majority of the vegan and dairy-based protein products.",

author = "Helen Bauhaus and {von Andrian-Werburg}, Judith and Mario Thevis and Hans Braun",

note = "1. Fitnesswissenschaftskongress, 24.02.2018, D{\"u}sseldorf",

year = "2018",

month = feb,

day = "24",

language = "English",

volume = "69",

pages = "S5",

journal = "Deutsche Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Sportmedizin",

issn = "0344-5925",

publisher = "WWF Verlagsgesellschaft mbH",

number = "2, Suppl.",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Evaluation of the Indispensable Amino Acids (IAA) Intake among German Athletes

AU - Bauhaus, Helen

AU - von Andrian-Werburg, Judith

AU - Thevis, Mario

AU - Braun, Hans

N1 - 1. Fitnesswissenschaftskongress, 24.02.2018, Düsseldorf

PY - 2018/2/24

Y1 - 2018/2/24

N2 - Protein products claim to help meeting the daily protein intake recommendations and sport specific requirements, however the bio availability and the respective amino acid profile need to be considered. An analyzation of 10 different protein products for sports was conducted to compare values for the digestible indispensable amino acid scores (DIAAS) and the leucine content according to the intake recommendations by the manufacturer. The amino acid profile of 10 commercially sold protein products (n=5 plant-based, n=5 dairy-based) were analyzed using the DIAAS. The DIAAS is the recommended method for dietary protein quality assessment on true ileal digestibility values of indispensable amino acids rather than a single faecal crude protein digestibility value. If the lowest DIAAS of an IAA in a product is > 100, it indicates a high quality protein regarding the indispensable amino acid profile and digestibility. DIAAS % = 100 x [(mg of digestible dietary indispensable amino acid in 1 g of the dietary protein) / (mg of the same dietary indispensable amino acid in 1g of the reference protein)] 10 (11%) of the indispensable amino acid data in all 10 products (90 IAA data = 10 products x 9 IAA) showed a DIAAS <100 and 2 (2%) had a DIAAS <75. 90% of an insufficient amount of IAA were found in vegan proteins. Considering the respective recommended intake of each product, the mean leucine content was 2,86g/ serving. The dairy-based protein products had an average leucine content of 3,10g/ serving (range: 2,80-3,57) and the vegan protein products had a mean leucine content of 2,62g/ serving (range:1,90-3,30). 60% of the products (n=3 vegan, n=3 dairy-based) did not meet the recommended 3g leucine/ serving when ingested according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Vegan sport proteins, also multi compound products, show a lower quality in the amino acid composition than dairy-based products. When protein products are taken to replace meals or without combination with other foods a DIAAS > 100 for all IAA is recommended. Higher amounts of vegan protein have to be ingested to meet the FAO recommendations. Regarding optimal muscle protein synthesis a leucine content of 3g/ serving is recommended and not met by the majority of the vegan and dairy-based protein products.

AB - Protein products claim to help meeting the daily protein intake recommendations and sport specific requirements, however the bio availability and the respective amino acid profile need to be considered. An analyzation of 10 different protein products for sports was conducted to compare values for the digestible indispensable amino acid scores (DIAAS) and the leucine content according to the intake recommendations by the manufacturer. The amino acid profile of 10 commercially sold protein products (n=5 plant-based, n=5 dairy-based) were analyzed using the DIAAS. The DIAAS is the recommended method for dietary protein quality assessment on true ileal digestibility values of indispensable amino acids rather than a single faecal crude protein digestibility value. If the lowest DIAAS of an IAA in a product is > 100, it indicates a high quality protein regarding the indispensable amino acid profile and digestibility. DIAAS % = 100 x [(mg of digestible dietary indispensable amino acid in 1 g of the dietary protein) / (mg of the same dietary indispensable amino acid in 1g of the reference protein)] 10 (11%) of the indispensable amino acid data in all 10 products (90 IAA data = 10 products x 9 IAA) showed a DIAAS <100 and 2 (2%) had a DIAAS <75. 90% of an insufficient amount of IAA were found in vegan proteins. Considering the respective recommended intake of each product, the mean leucine content was 2,86g/ serving. The dairy-based protein products had an average leucine content of 3,10g/ serving (range: 2,80-3,57) and the vegan protein products had a mean leucine content of 2,62g/ serving (range:1,90-3,30). 60% of the products (n=3 vegan, n=3 dairy-based) did not meet the recommended 3g leucine/ serving when ingested according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Vegan sport proteins, also multi compound products, show a lower quality in the amino acid composition than dairy-based products. When protein products are taken to replace meals or without combination with other foods a DIAAS > 100 for all IAA is recommended. Higher amounts of vegan protein have to be ingested to meet the FAO recommendations. Regarding optimal muscle protein synthesis a leucine content of 3g/ serving is recommended and not met by the majority of the vegan and dairy-based protein products.

M3 - Conference abstract in journal

SN - 0344-5925

VL - 69

SP - S5

JO - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin

JF - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin

IS - 2, Suppl.

ER -

Evaluation of the Indispensable Amino Acids (IAA) Intake among German Athletes

Abstract

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