TY - JOUR
T1 - Reflecting on the Game
T2 - Situational Stressors, Stress Responses, and Coping in German Elite Volleyball Referees
AU - Rückel, Lisa-Marie
AU - Noël, Benjamin
AU - Jungen, André
AU - Brückner, Sebastian
AU - Strauss, Bernd
AU - Klatt, Stefanie
N1 - © 2022 Human Kinetics
PY - 2021/1
Y1 - 2021/1
N2 - This study uses a thematic content analysis to analyze common stressors for volleyball referees, examine the individual triggered stress responses, and identify the applied coping strategies. A total of 38 German elite volleyball referees (24 male and 14 female, Mage = 38.29 years, SD = 7.91 years) were considered for this study. Through the analysis, 17 stressful events, 14 stress responses, and 6 different coping strategies were identified and further clustered into four main dimensions. Common stressors among elite German volleyball referees were identified as stressful game situations, need for game management, situational environment, and demands on self-activation. These stressors triggered emotional stress reactions, cognitive stress reactions, changes in focus, and reactions among the test group after increased strain. In order to deal with these situations and emotions, referees applied self-regulation strategies, improved focus and concentration, searched for a solution, prepared for the match or a stressor, showed a confident appearance, and tried to accept and let go of mistakes or situations. Post hoc Pearson’s correlation analyses showed significant relationships between emotional and cognitive stress reactions with stressful game situations. Consequently, the role of coping with emotions and thoughts becomes essential for volleyball referees to remain focused and perform.
AB - This study uses a thematic content analysis to analyze common stressors for volleyball referees, examine the individual triggered stress responses, and identify the applied coping strategies. A total of 38 German elite volleyball referees (24 male and 14 female, Mage = 38.29 years, SD = 7.91 years) were considered for this study. Through the analysis, 17 stressful events, 14 stress responses, and 6 different coping strategies were identified and further clustered into four main dimensions. Common stressors among elite German volleyball referees were identified as stressful game situations, need for game management, situational environment, and demands on self-activation. These stressors triggered emotional stress reactions, cognitive stress reactions, changes in focus, and reactions among the test group after increased strain. In order to deal with these situations and emotions, referees applied self-regulation strategies, improved focus and concentration, searched for a solution, prepared for the match or a stressor, showed a confident appearance, and tried to accept and let go of mistakes or situations. Post hoc Pearson’s correlation analyses showed significant relationships between emotional and cognitive stress reactions with stressful game situations. Consequently, the role of coping with emotions and thoughts becomes essential for volleyball referees to remain focused and perform.
UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/6328dcf7-6c18-3d61-9a13-fcaeedc02d40/
U2 - 10.1123/cssep.2021-0010
DO - 10.1123/cssep.2021-0010
M3 - Journal articles
VL - 5
SP - 124
EP - 134
JO - Case Studies in Sport and Exercise Psychology
JF - Case Studies in Sport and Exercise Psychology
IS - 1
ER -