What Value Can Korean Sports Clubs have for Sustainable Asset of Sport For All?

Introduction
The 1988 Olympic Games positively influenced the development of Korean Sport for All (SFA). Since then, mega sporting events, including the 2002 World Cup and the 2018 Winter Olympics, have greatly contributed to expanding sports infrastructure, leading to increase in sports activities of Korean people. Most importantly, Korean SFA has developed through sports clubs, which have financially been supported at the government level (MCST, 2016). In spite of the efforts, however, the sports clubs driven by the government are considered ineffective and even apathetic as the Korean sporting world indulges in a result-oriented system without a serious discussion on societal value which sport has. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to establish the value of the Korean sports clubs through understanding the history of the sports clubs, and further contribute to the policy realisation. The main questions are the following: 1) How have the Korean sports clubs evolved over time? 2) What are the most significant challenges facing the sports clubs? 3) What value is necessary to redefine the sports clubs?

Methods
The study uses qualitative method which is informed by a documentary analysis of journal articles regarding the Korean sports clubs and Sport White Paper and survey on participation in SFA published by Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism (MCST).

Results
The Korean government supported various projects for fostering SFA, which were named Youth Sports Club (2004~2007), Community Sports Club (2004~2005), Korean Sports Club (2006~2010), Public Sports Club (2011~2015) and Comprehensive Sports Club (2013~2016), respectively. Contrary to the government’s initiative, however, average utilisation rate of the sports clubs from the 20s to the 60s has decreased from 18% in 1989 to 16% in 2015, especially 18% reduction in their 20s.

Conclusion
Given that the participation in the sports clubs seems low, it would be necessary to establish the value that should be inherent in the sports clubs in order to form social consensus within society and the people. Thus, the government should lead to the entrenchment of sustainable sports clubs system based on individual life, including dignity and individual autonomy and community values, including trust and solidarity.