TY - JOUR
T1 - A tactical comparison of the 4-2-3-1 and 3-5-2 formation in soccer
T2 - A theory-oriented, experimental approach based on positional data in an 11 vs. 11 game set-up
AU - Memmert, Daniel
AU - Raabe, Dominik
AU - Schwab, Sebastian Robert Otto
AU - Rein, Robert
PY - 2019/1/1
Y1 - 2019/1/1
N2 - The presented field experiment in an 11 vs. 11 soccer game set-up is the first to examine the impact of different formations (e.g. 4-2-3-1 vs. 3-5-2) on tactical key performance indicators (KPIs) using positional data in a controlled experiment. The data were gathered using player tracking systems (1 Hz) in a standardized 11 vs. 11 soccer game. The KPIs were measured using dynamical positioning variables like Effective Playing Space, Player Length per Width ratio, Team Separateness, Space Control Gain, and Pressure Passing Efficiency. Within the experimental positional data analysis paradigm, neither of the team formations showed differences in Effective Playing Space, Team Separateness, or Space Control Gain. However, as a theory-based approach predicted, a 3-5-2 formation for the Player Length per Width ratio and Pressure Passing Efficiency exceeded the 4-2-3-1 formation. Practice task designs which manipulate team formations therefore significantly influence the emergent behavioral dynamics and need to be considered when planning and monitoring performance. Accordingly, an experimental positional data analysis paradigm is a useful approach to enable the development and validation of theory-oriented models in the area of performance analysis in sports games.
AB - The presented field experiment in an 11 vs. 11 soccer game set-up is the first to examine the impact of different formations (e.g. 4-2-3-1 vs. 3-5-2) on tactical key performance indicators (KPIs) using positional data in a controlled experiment. The data were gathered using player tracking systems (1 Hz) in a standardized 11 vs. 11 soccer game. The KPIs were measured using dynamical positioning variables like Effective Playing Space, Player Length per Width ratio, Team Separateness, Space Control Gain, and Pressure Passing Efficiency. Within the experimental positional data analysis paradigm, neither of the team formations showed differences in Effective Playing Space, Team Separateness, or Space Control Gain. However, as a theory-based approach predicted, a 3-5-2 formation for the Player Length per Width ratio and Pressure Passing Efficiency exceeded the 4-2-3-1 formation. Practice task designs which manipulate team formations therefore significantly influence the emergent behavioral dynamics and need to be considered when planning and monitoring performance. Accordingly, an experimental positional data analysis paradigm is a useful approach to enable the development and validation of theory-oriented models in the area of performance analysis in sports games.
KW - Adult
KW - Athletic Performance/physiology
KW - Data Analysis
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Soccer
KW - Spatial Behavior/physiology
KW - Young Adult
UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/6a2b28f9-3039-3e7a-82cb-6f7d247a95e5/
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0210191
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0210191
M3 - Journal articles
C2 - 30699148
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 14
SP - e0210191
JO - PloS one
JF - PloS one
IS - 1
M1 - e0210191
ER -