Abstract
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) for monitoring glucose concentrations has made significant progress over the past 20 years as a so-called diabetes technology and has improved the lives of people with diabetes mellitus in the long term. Significant findings through CGM use have led to a much better understanding of glucose regulation in individuals with metabolic disease. However, the use of CGM systems in people who do not have diabetes mellitus is also increasingly becoming the focus of research. Some aspects around CGM are still unclear, part of which are answered in this dissertation. The state of knowledge on applications of CGM systems in the context of sport and exercise in prevention in healthy individuals is still scarce at the present time. Similarly, the use of CGM systems in sports medicine research to elucidate glucose dynamics in the context of sport and exercise is still relatively limited and there is a lack of research on the requirements and expectations that potential users have of digital embedding and future systems.
In a narrative review, potential fields of application of CGM systems in healthy, non- metabolically ill people were identified and critically discussed with initial study results and case reports. The results show that CGM has considerable potential in prevention, health promotion and exercise management. The application possibilities of CGM systems can also offer positive benefits to healthy people.
In a randomized intervention study with a cross-over design, the acute effects of 20-minute strength training with and without whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) and of moderate-intensity endurance training of the same duration on postprandial glucose regulation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were investigated using CGM. In the intervention study, it could be shown by means of CGM sensors that there were no significant differences in the postprandial glucose response and in the further course of the day between the three forms of exercise investigated. Here, an example of the use of CGM sensors showed how they can contribute to new findings in sports medicine research.
A survey by means of a questionnaire shed light on the requirements and expectations of people with type 1 diabetes mellitus, who frequently use CGM systems, for future software solutions in connection with sport and health. The results showed that for an ideal sports and health app, users attach great importance to interoperability, support in dealing with glucose information gained, especially in sports and interpretation, as well as data protection.
IV
Finally, a further questionnaire study was carried out to determine decisive factors for the development of future generations of CGM devices with significantly reduced invasiveness. The survey on the expectations of a minimally invasive CGM system using the example of the EU-funded project "ELSAH" identified the points of accuracy, reliability in sporting situations and data security (during data transmission and on the terminal device) as important aspects of future CGM solutions.
The findings provide important information on the benefits that CGM can achieve in the context of sport and exercise in prevention and therapy and what should be considered in the development of new CGM generations and their digital environment. Although CGM offers considerable potential due to the uncomplicated and rapid representation of glucose reactions in different situations and over longer periods of time, it requires consistent basic research and transfer services both in the application in healthy people and in the technological development of future, minimally or non-invasive systems.
In a narrative review, potential fields of application of CGM systems in healthy, non- metabolically ill people were identified and critically discussed with initial study results and case reports. The results show that CGM has considerable potential in prevention, health promotion and exercise management. The application possibilities of CGM systems can also offer positive benefits to healthy people.
In a randomized intervention study with a cross-over design, the acute effects of 20-minute strength training with and without whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) and of moderate-intensity endurance training of the same duration on postprandial glucose regulation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were investigated using CGM. In the intervention study, it could be shown by means of CGM sensors that there were no significant differences in the postprandial glucose response and in the further course of the day between the three forms of exercise investigated. Here, an example of the use of CGM sensors showed how they can contribute to new findings in sports medicine research.
A survey by means of a questionnaire shed light on the requirements and expectations of people with type 1 diabetes mellitus, who frequently use CGM systems, for future software solutions in connection with sport and health. The results showed that for an ideal sports and health app, users attach great importance to interoperability, support in dealing with glucose information gained, especially in sports and interpretation, as well as data protection.
IV
Finally, a further questionnaire study was carried out to determine decisive factors for the development of future generations of CGM devices with significantly reduced invasiveness. The survey on the expectations of a minimally invasive CGM system using the example of the EU-funded project "ELSAH" identified the points of accuracy, reliability in sporting situations and data security (during data transmission and on the terminal device) as important aspects of future CGM solutions.
The findings provide important information on the benefits that CGM can achieve in the context of sport and exercise in prevention and therapy and what should be considered in the development of new CGM generations and their digital environment. Although CGM offers considerable potential due to the uncomplicated and rapid representation of glucose reactions in different situations and over longer periods of time, it requires consistent basic research and transfer services both in the application in healthy people and in the technological development of future, minimally or non-invasive systems.
Original language | German |
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Place of Publication | Köln |
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Publisher | Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln |
Number of pages | 73 |
Publication status | Published - 2023 |