Der Einfluss von Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln bei akuter und chronischer Supplementation auf die Leistungs- und Regenerationsfähigkeit im wettkampforientierten Sport

Translated title of the contribution: The effects of dietary supplements in acute and chronic supplementation on performance and regeneration capacity in competitive sports

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Abstract

Global consumption of dietary supplements has been rising steadily for more than a decade. Especially in competitive sports, dietary supplements are consumed by more than 75% of athletes. However, only a fraction part of the athletes take advantage of appropriate expert care. Apart from the lack of care for athletes, the data available on scientific findings on the effects of dietary supplements is limited. In particular, dietary supplements which are intended to promote regeneration or enhance performance have not yet been extensively researched. Both, the International Olympic Committee and the World Anti-Doping Agency therefore warn against the uncontrolled consumption of dietary supplements and call for further research into the effects of food supplements.
In view of the limited data available on the regenerative and performance-enhancing effects of dietary supplements, this dissertation examines three different dietary supplements and their effects in competitive sports. The focus of this work was the reducing effect on muscle damage and inflammation by a single application of a protein-carbohydrate shake compared to a conventional protein-carbohydrate source after endurance exercise. In addition, the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of alpha lipoic acid after a single application as well as chronic supplementation after physical exercise were investigated. Furthermore, the anabolic and performance-enhancing effects of ecdysterone in strength athletes were examined.
The results show that both a protein-carbohydrate shake and a conventional meal can reduce both muscle damage and inflammatory reactions after intense endurance exercise. No difference was found between the two interventions. In contrast to protein-carbohydrate preparations a reducing effect of the inflammatory reaction but no activation of the anti-inflammatory counter-reaction could be observed with alpha lipoic acid only in chronic application. In view of these findings, the application of ALA can only achieve a regeneration-promoting effect in certain training scenarios, such as an intensive training week. In addition to the regeneration-promoting effect of protein-carbohydrate preparations and alpha lipoic acid, the anabolic and performance-enhancing effects of ecdysterone have been demonstrated in strength athletes. As a result, ecdysterone preparations have been included in the World Anti-Doping Agency's monitoring list for banned substances since January 1, 2020. In addition to the regeneration-promoting and performance-enhancing effects of protein-carbohydrate preparations, alpha lipoic acid and ecdysterone potential risk groups that tend to increase the consumption and dosage of dietary supplements were identified by means of a survey. It was found that male gym members show an increased consumption and dosage behaviour instead of non-members or female gym visitors.
The presented results therefore provide important insights into the regeneration-promoting and performance-enhancing effects of dietary supplements, which, however, should only be considered in the appropriate context. The results make an important contribution to doping prevention and reveal further research gaps that should be addressed by further studies in order to better understand the different mechanisms of action of individual dietary supplements and to be able to make appropriate assessments.
Translated title of the contributionThe effects of dietary supplements in acute and chronic supplementation on performance and regeneration capacity in competitive sports
Original languageGerman
Place of PublicationKöln
PublisherDeutsche Sporthochschule Köln
Number of pages72
Publication statusPublished - 29.10.2020

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