Effekte einer gezielten Kurzintervention im Setting Apotheke mit Einsatz motivierender Beratung, Schrittzäher und Medikationsanalyse auf die Gesundheit sowie Lebensführung von Kunden

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Abstract

Background:
Civilisation diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, type-2 diabetes and obesity, are becoming increasingly prevalent in Germany (Gößwald et al. 2012; Gößwald et al. 2013; Ohlmeier et al. 2015; Neuhauser et al. 2013; DEGS1 2008-2011). In this context, lifestyle factors play a key role in determining the maintenance of good health, the emergence of disease, and the course the disease takes (DEGS1 2008-2011; 2011 Health Survey). To counterbalance these developments, health service providers such as pharmacies, as central, low-threshold ports of call for citizens in matters of health, must devise suitable concepts for maintaining and improving the quality of care provided in the areas of prevention and health promotion (Bundesapothekerkammer 2015).
Methodology:
As such, this paper examined the impact of brief, targeted intervention using pedometers, medication analyses, dietary recommendations and motivational advice on the health and exercise patterns of customers in a pharmacy setting over a 12- week period. Persons aged between 18 and 64 with health limitations (high blood pressure or high blood serum lipids) and/or with Overweight were selected and randomised into three groups, whereby body weight, BMI, abdominal girth, WHtR, blood pressure, blood serum lipids and quality of life (SF12) were particularly examined. The behavioural changes resulting from interventions in everyday sitting patterns and exercise, as well as changes to medication in terms of intake, application, dosage, side effects and contraindications were also analysed.
Results:
64 of the 93 participants were available at time T0, and 60 participants completed the study (62% f; 38% m). Significant effects were recorded for body weight, BMI, abdominal girth and WHtR (kg: IG: -1.7 ± 2.1 kg; BW: 0.3 ± 0.8 kg; p=0.012: BMI: IG: -0.7 ± 0.9 kg/m2; BW: 0.0 ± 0.3 kg/m2; p=0.038; AG: IG: -2.2 ± 4.0 cm; BW: 0.0 ± 1.6 cm; p=0.017; WHtR: -0.1 ± 0.2; BW: 0.1 ± 0.1; p=0.018).
Women achieved a greater weight reduction than men (p=0.013), BMI (p=0.041) and abdominal girth (p=0.036), while the blood-pressure parameters (except for Bdsys) displayed no relevant trends as a result of the intervention. There were similarly no notable changes in blood serum lipids. Only in the gender comparison did the men display a significant difference in HDL CH values (p=0.040).
While physical quality of life improved considerably, by three score points (p=0.002), hardly any change was recorded for mental quality of life (p=0.072). Times spent both exercising and sitting at work and in everyday life hardly changed. The IG’s number of steps, on the other hand, increased significantly on weekends (p=0.008). The medication analysis showed that 8.7% of male IG participants were able to do without their regular medication as a result of the intervention (p=0.051*).
After the intervention, only 27.7% of the detected medication-related problems were still apparent in the IG participants, meaning that 72.3% of those detected at T0 had been successfully remedied. Significant improvements were recorded in all aspects of medication-related problems.
Conclusion:
The study’s positive results confirmed the benefits associated with a brief, combined intervention for people with pre-existing health conditions in a pharmacy setting. Specific participants could be catered to even more intensively by further developing individual modules. The potential offered by pharmacists as an important resource in the area of prevention and health promotion could also become a greater focus and be utilised more. Devising suitable framework conditions for feasibility at pharmacies would be a necessary and desirable step here.

Original languageGerman
Place of PublicationKöln
PublisherDeutsche Sporthochschule Köln
Number of pages233
Publication statusPublished - 2020

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