Vergütung im Schiedsrichterwesen: Eine theoretisch-empirische Untersuchung zur Vergütung und Leistung von Bundesliga-Schiedsrichtern im Fußball

Petros Papadopoulos

Publication: Book/ReportDissertations

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Abstract

Looking at professional football it becomes visible that there is a huge difference in the degree of commercialization between the referees and other areas of the highest football league. In light of the rising commercialization in the professional football sector the current research does not focus on economic apsects, which affect the referees of the German Bundesliga. As an essential character within the professional football system they have to bear an enormous responsibility. Both, the German Football Association (DFB) and the football clubs are interested in an excellent referee performance. Therefore, the present dissertation analyzes in an explorative way, if the salary, which has been raised several times within the last decades, has had an effective impact on the referees performance. The relationship between the DFB and the referees can be described as a typical principal-agent-relation. The theoretical background of this work is based on the tournament theory, which was coined by Lazear and Rosen (1981). Based on the theory it an be assumed that a higher difference between the winning- and loosing price leads to a higher motivation and thereby performance of the referees. The DFB also uses such tournament wages in order to compensate the referees. The longitudinal database derives from the sports magazine Kicker and contains a total of 5508 games with 84 different referees (saisons 1992/1993 - 2009/2010. Additional DFB information contain details about the payment stages as well as information about the FIFA-nomination. The panel structure of this database led to the necessity of implementing various regression models. In addition to ols- and robust-regressions the use of the poisson- and the ordered-logit-modell as well as panel regressions was also needed. The basic results show that the increased referee income has not led to a higher referee performance. This result stands in a clear contrast to the assumption of the tournament theory. On the one hand the outcome of the analyses shows that a good referee performance does not correlate to a higher income. On the other hand the results clearly illustrate that FIFA-referees do have a higher performance level and do receive a higher total income. The last effect is justified by tha fact, that they are assigned to fewer matches.
Original languageGerman
Place of PublicationKöln
PublisherDeutsche Sporthochschule Köln
Number of pages315
Publication statusPublished - 2012

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